Medicine Balls: A Tale of Two Scandals
What goes around, comes around. The Bristol heart scandal of 1984-1995 occurred under the Tories’ watch but it was the incoming Labour government that ordered a Public Inquiry and used the results to impose sweeping, centrist health reforms. Now the Mid Staffs scandal – which in many ways is worse than Bristol – has occurred under Labour’s watch and it’s the Tories lobbying hard for a Public Inquiry, the results of which – if they get in – will doubtless be used to force their own ideology on the NHS.
The Bristol heart surgeons at least cared deeply about their work and were trying their best, even when their results for complex heart surgery were demonstrably poor. The Francis Inquiry into Mid Staffs, held behind closed doors but published last week, is more troubling: “It was striking how many accounts related to basic nursing care as opposed to clinical errors leading to injury or death”.
The Kennedy Inquiry found that from 1991 to 1995, between 30 and 35 more children under one died after open heart surgery in Bristol compared to a typical NHS child heart surgery centre at that time. 198 recommendations were made to prevent avoidable deaths happening on such a scale again. The largest ever increase in NHS funding was coupled with the largest and most complex regime of targets and scrutiny. But in March 2009, the Healthcare Commission uncovered ‘appalling standards of care’ at Mid Staffs, and estimated that from 2005 to 2008, between 400 and 1,200 excess deaths occurred compared to comparable NHS trusts. And in these years, the Commission itself had judged the hospital to be performing well and Monitor awarded it Foundation status for its managerial excellence.
Labour’s centralised monitoring of quality and safety just doesn’t protect patients. It’s expensive, retrospective data collection is slow, insensitive, inaccurate and misleading. Hospitals can game their mortality rates by fiddling with the coding system and unsurprisingly, the crude results and rating scores aren’t believed by NHS staff, politicians or the public. Health secretary Andy Burnham caused insult of Hewitt proportions, describing Mid Staffs as ‘ultimately a local failure’ and claiming the NHS has had its ‘best year ever’. Five separate panic reviews have been ordered that are unlikely to see the light of day this side of an election, if ever.
The take home message at Bristol came from Steve Bolsin, the anaesthetist who first raised concerns and paid for them with his NHS career. ‘If you want to avoid another Bristol, never lose sight of the patient.’ This is strikingly similar to the conclusion of Robert Francis QC in the Mid Staffs report: “If there is one lesson to be learnt, I suggest it is that people must always come before numbers. It is the individual experiences that lie behind statistics and benchmarks and action plans that really matter, and that is what must never be forgotten when policies are being made and implemented”.
The difference now is that we have the technology for patients and relatives to provide valid and timely feedback on their care that will spot problems in the NHS years ahead of any quango. What’s needed is a cultural change that invites constructive scrutiny and has zero tolerance of avoidable harm to patients. Most NHS staff would love to work in such an environment, free from the tosh of political control and focusing entirely on the needs of the patients in front of them. That ‘new’ Labour could contrive a culture where £105 billion goes into the NHS and it’s still no safer then bungee jumping, with widespread staff shortages, over-crowded emergency departments, disillusionment and patient harm, suggests that much of our increased funding hasn’t gone where it’s needed. Oh, and we’re desperately short of inspirational managers who’ll stick two fingers up to Whitehall (when necessary) and focus on helping their staff to serve their patients.